Cold hardiness & minimum temperature

Is Valerian (Valeriana officinalis)cold hardy? Hardiness zone & min temp

Also called valerian, garden valerian, all-heal.

More about valerian

About Valerian

Valeriana officinalis · also called valerian, garden valerian · herb

Valerian is a tall, clump-forming perennial grown for its sweetly scented clusters of pale pink-white flowers and its sedative-reputed root, used medicinally for centuries. It bears fern-like divided leaves and airy flower heads that draw pollinators, thriving in moist, fertile soil and sun to part shade. Hardy and easy, it self-seeds freely and naturalises in damp meadows and stream banks.

Cold limit: USDA 4-9 · RHS H7 (10-24°C)

What valerian's hardiness rating actually means

Yes — valerian is genuinely cold hardy. Rated RHS H7 and USDA 4-9, it lives outdoors all year and needs winter cold rather than protection from it. Its RHS rating of H7 means: Hardy in the severest European continental winters. On the US scale that maps to USDA 4-9 — the zones where it can be left outdoors year-round.

New to these scales? The USDA hardiness zone map explained covers how the zone numbers work, and you can find your own zone with the zone finder.

Minimum temperature — and what happens below it

Minimum survivable temperature is roughly below about −20 °C. Valerian is built for winter — once established it takes hard frost and snow in its stride.

Concretely, for valerian as it gets too cold:

It tolerates winter lows to about −20 °C once established.
Below its rated zone, the visible damage is browned or blackened top growth and, in the worst case, a killed crown or root.
First-year, newly planted, or container-grown specimens are noticeably less hardy than established garden plants — the roots are exposed.

Can valerian go outside or overwinter — and where?

Plant it out within USDA 4-9 and it overwinters with little or no help.
It does not want to come indoors — a warm winter room actually weakens a hardy plant by denying it dormancy.
The real risks in its range are waterlogging, wind-rock on young plants, and a late hard frost on new growth — not ordinary winter cold.

Work back from your local frost dates with the frost-date calculator: the last spring frost and first autumn frost are what really decide when valerian can be outside. US growers can check USDA zones; UK growers should use the RHS hardiness ratings, which match the H7 figure above.

Valerian hardiness — frequently asked questions

Is valerian cold hardy?

Yes — valerian is genuinely cold hardy. Rated RHS H7 and USDA 4-9, it lives outdoors all year and needs winter cold rather than protection from it. An outdoor plant. Valerian is hardy across USDA 4-9; it belongs in the ground or a frost-proof container, not on a windowsill, and many types actively need a cold winter to perform.

What is the minimum temperature valerian can survive?

Minimum survivable temperature is roughly below about −20 °C. Valerian is built for winter — once established it takes hard frost and snow in its stride.

What hardiness zone is valerian?

Valerian is rated USDA 4-9 and RHS H7 — Hardy in the severest European continental winters.

Can valerian survive winter outside?

Plant it out within USDA 4-9 and it overwinters with little or no help. It does not want to come indoors — a warm winter room actually weakens a hardy plant by denying it dormancy. The real risks in its range are waterlogging, wind-rock on young plants, and a late hard frost on new growth — not ordinary winter cold.

What happens to valerian below its minimum temperature?

It tolerates winter lows to about −20 °C once established. Below its rated zone, the visible damage is browned or blackened top growth and, in the worst case, a killed crown or root. First-year, newly planted, or container-grown specimens are noticeably less hardy than established garden plants — the roots are exposed.