Cold hardiness & minimum temperature

Is Common Vervain (Verbena officinalis)cold hardy? Hardiness zone & min temp

Also called Common Vervain, Herb of Grace, Holy Herb, Simpler's Joy.

More about common vervain

About Common Vervain

Verbena officinalis · also called Common Vervain, Herb of Grace · herb

Common Vervain is a slender, upright perennial herb native to Europe and Asia, valued in traditional herbal medicine for centuries. It thrives in well-drained, moderately fertile soil in full sun and tolerates drought once established. Hardy and low-maintenance, it self-seeds freely and attracts pollinators with its tiny lilac flower spikes.

Cold limit: USDA 4–9 · RHS H5 (5–30°C)

What common vervain's hardiness rating actually means

Yes — common vervain is genuinely cold hardy. Rated RHS H5 and USDA 4–9, it lives outdoors all year and needs winter cold rather than protection from it. Its RHS rating of H5 means: Hardy in most of the UK and in cold winters. On the US scale that maps to USDA 4–9 — the zones where it can be left outdoors year-round.

New to these scales? The USDA hardiness zone map explained covers how the zone numbers work, and you can find your own zone with the zone finder.

Minimum temperature — and what happens below it

Minimum survivable temperature is roughly about −15 to −10 °C. Common Vervain is built for winter — once established it takes hard frost and snow in its stride.

Concretely, for common vervain as it gets too cold:

It tolerates winter lows to about −15 to −10 °C once established.
Below its rated zone, the visible damage is browned or blackened top growth and, in the worst case, a killed crown or root.
First-year, newly planted, or container-grown specimens are noticeably less hardy than established garden plants — the roots are exposed.

Can common vervain go outside or overwinter — and where?

Plant it out within USDA 4–9 and it overwinters with little or no help.
It does not want to come indoors — a warm winter room actually weakens a hardy plant by denying it dormancy.
The real risks in its range are waterlogging, wind-rock on young plants, and a late hard frost on new growth — not ordinary winter cold.

Work back from your local frost dates with the frost-date calculator: the last spring frost and first autumn frost are what really decide when common vervain can be outside. US growers can check USDA zones; UK growers should use the RHS hardiness ratings, which match the H5 figure above.

Common Vervain hardiness — frequently asked questions

Is common vervain cold hardy?

Yes — common vervain is genuinely cold hardy. Rated RHS H5 and USDA 4–9, it lives outdoors all year and needs winter cold rather than protection from it. An outdoor plant. Common Vervain is hardy across USDA 4–9; it belongs in the ground or a frost-proof container, not on a windowsill, and many types actively need a cold winter to perform.

What is the minimum temperature common vervain can survive?

Minimum survivable temperature is roughly about −15 to −10 °C. Common Vervain is built for winter — once established it takes hard frost and snow in its stride.

What hardiness zone is common vervain?

Common Vervain is rated USDA 4–9 and RHS H5 — Hardy in most of the UK and in cold winters.

Can common vervain survive winter outside?

Plant it out within USDA 4–9 and it overwinters with little or no help. It does not want to come indoors — a warm winter room actually weakens a hardy plant by denying it dormancy. The real risks in its range are waterlogging, wind-rock on young plants, and a late hard frost on new growth — not ordinary winter cold.

What happens to common vervain below its minimum temperature?

It tolerates winter lows to about −15 to −10 °C once established. Below its rated zone, the visible damage is browned or blackened top growth and, in the worst case, a killed crown or root. First-year, newly planted, or container-grown specimens are noticeably less hardy than established garden plants — the roots are exposed.