Growli zone & planting calendar
The USDA hardiness zone map
— find your zone, plant what works.
The US plant hardiness map divides the country into 13 zones based on average annual minimum temperature. Your zone determines what plants survive winter, when to plant, and when to harvest. Pick your zone below for frost dates, growing-season length, and what to grow — or look up your ZIP directly. The zone data is also published as a free CC-BY dataset.
Don't know your zone? Use our free zone finder — enter a US ZIP or UK postcode for an instant zone lookup. For the deeper explainer, see our USDA hardiness zone map guide or check the official map at planthardiness.ars.usda.gov. Or browse the full directory of USDA zones by US city, ZIP code, and RHS ratings by UK postcode.
All 13 USDA hardiness zones
Zone 1
60 days-60 to -50°F · -51 to -46°C
Sub-arctic. Only the hardiest cold-tolerant crops and trees survive.
Interior Alaska (Fairbanks region)
Zone 2
90 days-50 to -40°F · -46 to -40°C
Very short season. Cold-hardy vegetables and shrubs only.
Northern Alaska, parts of northern Canada
Zone 3
110 days-40 to -30°F · -40 to -34°C
Cold-hardy fruit trees plus most cool-season vegetables.
Northern Minnesota, North Dakota, interior Alaska
Zone 4
125 days-30 to -20°F · -34 to -29°C
Cold-climate gardening. Most vegetables, many fruit trees, hardy ornamentals.
Northern Maine, northern Wisconsin, Montana, parts of New England
Zone 5
150 days-20 to -10°F · -29 to -23°C
Productive Midwest gardening. Wide vegetable selection, robust fruit production.
Iowa, southern Wisconsin, northern Illinois, parts of New York
Zone 6
180 days-10 to 0°F · -23 to -18°C
Long-season productive zone. Almost every common vegetable and most fruits.
Southern Pennsylvania, Ohio, Missouri, parts of mid-Atlantic
Zone 7
200 days0 to 10°F · -18 to -12°C
Long warm season + mild winters. Wide crop selection including figs and pomegranates.
Virginia, North Carolina (mountains), Oklahoma, Tennessee
Zone 8
230 days10 to 20°F · -12 to -7°C
Mild winters, hot summers. Subtropical possibilities mixed with temperate.
Texas (much of), Louisiana, North Florida, Oregon coast, Washington (parts)
Zone 9
280 days20 to 30°F · -7 to -1°C
Subtropical. Year-round growing for most crops. Frost is rare and brief.
Central + South Florida, Southern Texas, Southern California, Arizona
Zone 10
365 days30 to 40°F · -1 to 4°C
Tropical. Year-round growing. True frost-free climate.
South Florida, Coastal Southern California, Hawaii (parts)
Zone 11
365 days40 to 50°F · 4 to 10°C
Frost-free tropical. Year-round all crops except those needing cold dormancy.
Florida Keys, Hawaii (most), Puerto Rico, southern California (coastal)
Zone 12
365 days50 to 60°F · 10 to 16°C
Tropical lowland. Heat-adapted plants only.
Hawaii (lowland), Puerto Rico (parts)
Zone 13
365 days60 to 70°F · 16 to 21°C
Hot tropical. Strictly tropical species.
Hawaii (coastal lowlands), Puerto Rico (south coast)
UK gardeners — RHS hardiness ratings
The UK doesn't use USDA zones — the Royal Horticultural Society uses an H1-H7 hardiness rating per plant rather than per region. Most of England and Wales falls in H4-H5 range (similar to USDA zone 7-8), with cooler ratings in Scotland and warmer ratings in coastal southwest.
See our UK RHS hardiness ratings page for the H1a-H7 explainer, or our UK hardiness zones guide for a deeper walkthrough — both with the official RHS reference cross-checked.
When to plant — by crop and zone
Every crop has its own frost rules. Pick a crop below and we'll show you the sowing, transplant, and harvest dates calibrated to your zone's last- and first-frost averages.
Plant tomatoes in your zone
warm seasonWait until after the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant peppers in your zone
warm seasonWait until after the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 7 →
Plant basil in your zone
warm seasonWait until after the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant garlic in your zone
fall plantedPlant in autumn, 4-6 weeks before first fall frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant lettuce in your zone
cool seasonSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant bush beans in your zone
warm seasonWait until after the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant cucumbers in your zone
warm seasonWait until after the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant summer squash in your zone
warm seasonWait until after the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant peas in your zone
cool seasonSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant carrots in your zone
cool seasonSow a couple of weeks before last frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant broccoli in your zone
cool seasonSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant cauliflower in your zone
cool seasonSow a couple of weeks before last frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant cabbage in your zone
cool seasonSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant kale in your zone
cool seasonSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant brussels sprouts in your zone
cool seasonSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant collard greens in your zone
cool seasonSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant spinach in your zone
cool seasonSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant swiss chard in your zone
cool seasonSow a couple of weeks before last frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant arugula in your zone
cool seasonSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant beets in your zone
cool seasonSow a couple of weeks before last frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant radishes in your zone
cool seasonSow a couple of weeks before last frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant turnips in your zone
cool seasonSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant parsnips in your zone
cool seasonSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant kohlrabi in your zone
cool seasonSow a couple of weeks before last frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant onions in your zone
cool seasonSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant leeks in your zone
cool seasonSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant celery in your zone
cool seasonSow a couple of weeks before last frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant asparagus in your zone
perennialSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant rhubarb in your zone
perennialSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant potatoes in your zone
cool seasonSow a couple of weeks before last frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant sweet potatoes in your zone
warm seasonWait until after the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant eggplant in your zone
warm seasonWait until after the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant okra in your zone
warm seasonWait until after the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant sweet corn in your zone
warm seasonWait until after the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant pumpkins in your zone
warm seasonWait until after the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant winter squash in your zone
warm seasonWait until after the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant zucchini in your zone
warm seasonWait until after the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant cantaloupe in your zone
warm seasonWait until after the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant watermelon in your zone
warm seasonWait until after the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant pole beans in your zone
warm seasonWait until after the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant edamame in your zone
warm seasonWait until after the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant fava beans in your zone
cool seasonSow a couple of weeks before last frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant cilantro in your zone
cool seasonSow a couple of weeks before last frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant dill in your zone
cool seasonSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant parsley in your zone
cool seasonSow a couple of weeks before last frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant oregano in your zone
perennialSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant thyme in your zone
perennialSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant sage in your zone
perennialSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant rosemary in your zone
perennialSow a couple of weeks before last frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
Plant chives in your zone
perennialSow well before the last spring frost.
See timing for zone 6 →
What zone matters for
When to plant
Frost dates determine when seedlings can go outside. Zones 3-5 plant tomatoes in late May; zones 9-10 plant in March or earlier.
When to plant tomatoes guide →What grows here
Citrus thrives in zones 9+. Apples need zones 3-8 for winter chill. Tropical plants are zones 10-13 only.
Start a vegetable garden →Garlic timing
Plant garlic 4-6 weeks before first hard frost. That's mid-September in zone 3, October in zone 6, November in zone 9.
When to plant garlic →