What's eating my slow-bolt cilantro?

Slow-bolt cilantro is most troubled by aphids, which cluster under leaves and on tender stems. Caterpillars of the black swallowtail butterfly can strip foliage fast. Carrot fly larvae occasionally tunnel into roots. Floating row cover at planting and regular checks provide the best broad defense.

Colonies of soft green or black insects on stems and leaf undersides; sticky honeydew, distorted foliage Blast off with a strong water jet; introduce ladybirds/lacewings; spray with insecticidal soap if colonies persist

Striped green-and-black caterpillars devour leaves and stems rapidly, sometimes stripping plants overnight Hand-pick caterpillars daily; apply Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) spray; use row cover to exclude egg-laying butterflies

Creamy maggots tunnel through roots, causing wilting and yellowing; most damaging in wet springs Cover with fine mesh or fleece from sowing; avoid thinning at dusk (scent attracts flies); rotate beds each season