What's eating my crispy wave 'hurricane'?

Crispy Wave 'Hurricane' ferns are most threatened by scale insects, which cluster on fronds and suck sap, causing yellowing and sticky residue. Spider mites and mealybugs also target them indoors, especially in low-humidity conditions. Fungus gnats breed in overwatered soil. Maintaining humidity and good air circulation is the primary defense.

Brown or tan bumps fixed on fronds and stems; sticky honeydew residue; yellowing fronds Wipe scales off manually with a damp cloth or cotton swab dipped in isopropyl alcohol; treat with neem oil spray; repeat weekly until clear

Fine webbing between fronds; tiny pale stippling on leaf surfaces; fronds look dusty or bronzed Raise humidity around the plant; rinse fronds thoroughly with water; apply insecticidal soap or neem oil every 5–7 days for 3 weeks

White cottony clusters in frond crevices and along petioles; weakened, distorted new growth Dab colonies with isopropyl alcohol on a cotton swab; follow up with neem oil or insecticidal soap spray; isolate the plant immediately

Tiny black flies around soil; larvae chew fine roots, causing wilting despite moist soil Allow the top 2 inches of soil to dry between waterings; use yellow sticky traps; drench soil with Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) solution