What's eating my utricularia nelumbifolia?

Utricularia nelumbifolia is a remarkable epiphytic bladderwort from Brazil that grows in rainwater-filled bromeliad rosettes. Cultivated indoors, it sits in a very wet, nutrient-poor medium. Fungus gnats are the primary pest threat. Because the plant needs standing water, treating pest problems must avoid disrupting the delicate aquatic micro-environment.

Larvae attack roots and fine stolons at the water–medium interface; plant growth stalls Apply Bti to the growing water; use sticky traps; ensure the water is changed regularly to prevent stagnation

White waxy clusters on stolons above or at the waterline; plant declines unexpectedly Remove manually with alcohol-tipped swab; replace growing water; repot into clean medium if infestation persists

Green algae coats the growing container and competes with stolons for space and light Use opaque containers; change water regularly; limit direct sun on water surface