What's eating my pinguicula lusitanica?

Pinguicula lusitanica (pale butterwort) is a small, annual-cycle carnivore that self-seeds readily and largely fends off pests with its glandular sticky leaves. Fungus gnats and shore flies are the main nuisance in cultivation. Aphids can attack flower stems. Over-rich substrate is a greater threat than insects.

Larvae disrupt fine roots in moist peat/sand mix; adults swarm around the pot Yellow sticky traps; ensure excellent drainage; the plant's own sticky leaves catch adults

Soft-bodied insects clustered on flower scapes, causing distorted buds Knock off with a fine water spray using distilled water; avoid soap-based pesticides near carnivorous leaf traps

Adults resemble fungus gnats but do not damage roots; algae and decaying organic matter attract them Eliminate algae buildup in trays; improve airflow; yellow sticky traps