What's eating my netted chain fern?

Netted chain fern (Lorinseria areolata) grows in wet woodland gardens and is most threatened by slugs and snails on its fronds. Deer will browse it in open woodland. Vine weevil larvae can damage crowns in drained beds. It is generally robust and relatively pest-free once established in its preferred boggy habitat.

Ragged holes in sterile and fertile fronds, worse in wet seasons Iron-phosphate pellets; clear surrounding organic debris; hand collect at night

Fronds and crowns browsed down, particularly in early spring Physical fencing or deer-repellent spray; mass planting deters casual browsing

Crown damage and root loss causing plant collapse Apply nematodes to moist soil; avoid over-drying the root zone which stresses plants