What's eating my nepenthes dubia?

Nepenthes dubia is a rare Sumatran highland vine grown in humid indoor conditions. Like other highland Nepenthes, its chief pest threats are mealybugs lodging in leaf axils, spider mites in dry spells, and occasional aphids on new growth. The tubular pitchers offer no defense against these sap-sucking insects.

White waxy tufts at nodes and behind leaves; weakened tendrils and failed pitchers are early signs of infestation Spot-treat with 70% isopropyl alcohol on a cotton swab; repeat weekly; quarantine immediately to protect other Nepenthes in the collection

Fine webs and pale stippling on leaf undersides; more likely when humidity drops below 60% Raise humidity; rinse foliage with room-temperature water; use dilute neem oil (0.5%) only as a last resort, testing first

Colonies on shoot tips and young pitcher buds; honeydew residue can lead to sooty mould on sticky mucilage Remove by hand or dislodge with a gentle water stream; half-strength insecticidal soap is usually tolerated