What's eating my lemon tree 'eureka'?

Lemon 'Eureka' is attacked by citrus leafminer whose larvae tunnel silvery trails in new leaves, and by brown soft scale and mealybugs on stems and fruit. Aphids cluster on shoot tips. In gardens, slugs and snails damage fruit resting on the ground. Citrus leafminer is the most widespread and damaging pest, especially on flushes of new growth.

Larvae tunnel silvery serpentine trails in young leaves, which curl tightly; new flushes are most vulnerable. Apply horticultural oil spray to new growth flushes to deter egg-laying. Encourage parasitic wasps. Prune and dispose of worst affected growth.

Flat brown scale insects on stems and leaf midribs produce honeydew that leads to black sooty mould on leaves and fruit. Spray with horticultural oil or insecticidal soap; introduce or encourage scale predators (Metaphycus parasitic wasps). Wipe stems with a damp cloth.

White waxy cottony clusters in leaf axils and on fruit; weaken plants and cause sooty mould. Dab with isopropyl alcohol on a cotton swab; apply neem oil or insecticidal soap spray. Introduce Cryptolaemus ladybird predators.

Dense colonies on shoot tips distort young leaves and flower buds; honeydew encourages sooty mould. Strong water jet; insecticidal soap spray; encourage ladybirds and lacewings as natural predators.