What's eating my kalanchoe marmorata?

Kalanchoe marmorata (penwiper plant) is most commonly attacked indoors by mealybugs and scale insects, which shelter in leaf crevices and along stems. Spider mites can flare in hot, dry rooms. Overwatering attracts fungus gnats. Inspect the undersides of the chunky, spotted leaves regularly for early signs.

White waxy fluff at leaf axils and stem joints; honeydew leading to sooty mould; poor new growth. Remove with an alcohol-dipped cotton swab; spray the whole plant with neem oil solution every seven to ten days until clear.

Brown or tan shell-like bumps on stems and midribs; yellowing leaves; sticky deposits below infested areas. Scrape off shells with a soft toothbrush; treat with horticultural oil or 70% isopropyl alcohol on a swab; repeat fortnightly for two months.

Fine stippling across leaf surfaces; barely visible webbing; leaves may curl and drop in severe cases. Increase humidity; wash foliage with insecticidal soap; repeat every five days until population collapses.