What's eating my campanula lactiflora 'loddon anna'?

Campanula lactiflora 'Loddon Anna' is most seriously damaged by slugs and snails, which devour young shoots in spring before plants can establish. Aphids colonise soft stems and buds. In the US, deer browse the tall flower stems readily. Vine weevil grubs can attack roots of pot-grown plants.

Young shoots eaten to stubs in spring; larger leaves show ragged holes and silvery slime trails. Apply ferric phosphate pellets around crowns from early spring; hand-pick at night; use copper barriers on containers.

Dense colonies on flower stems and buds; honeydew, sooty mould, and distorted growth. Spray with water jet or insecticidal soap; cut back after flowering to remove infested material.

Tall flower stems and foliage browsed, sometimes whole spikes removed (especially US gardens). Install deer fencing or apply deer repellent sprays; plant within a mixed border where taller shrubs act as a visual barrier.

Notched leaf margins from adult beetles (night feeding); plants wilt suddenly in late summer as C-shaped white grubs sever roots. Apply biological control nematodes (Steinernema kraussei) to moist soil in late August–September; check roots of pot-grown plants when repotting.