What's eating my air plant?

Air plants (Tillandsia) have no soil and few pest vulnerabilities, but mealybugs are their primary indoor threat, sheltering at the base of leaves where moisture collects. Scale can occasionally attach to leaves, and spider mites strike in very dry, hot conditions. Their soakable nature makes treatment straightforward — most pests can simply be rinsed away.

White cottony deposits at the base of leaves and deep in the rosette; leaves may yellow or brown at the base; plant weakens. Submerge the plant in water and gently agitate; remove remaining bugs with a soft brush; spray with dilute isopropyl alcohol (25%) or insecticidal soap; allow to dry fully to prevent rot.

Small tan or brown bumps adhered to leaf surfaces; leaves develop yellow patches below attachment points. Scrape off with a soft toothbrush during a water soak; treat with dilute neem oil spray; ensure the plant dries completely within 4 hours of treatment.

Pale stippling and dulling of leaf colour; fine webbing in leaf axils in hot, dry indoor conditions. Increase misting frequency; give the plant a thorough soak; spray with insecticidal soap diluted to half-strength; move away from heat vents.