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Repotting guide

When & how to repot Cordyline (Cordyline fruticosa)

Also called ti plant, good luck plant, Hawaiian ti.

About Cordyline

Cordyline fruticosa · also called ti plant, good luck plant · tropical

Cordyline fruticosa is a tropical evergreen with sword-shaped leaves in green, pink, red, or burgundy. Grown indoors as a colourful upright accent and outdoors as a hedging plant in frost-free climates. Toxic to pets through saponins.

Cordyline fruticosa, the ti plant, is an evergreen woody shrub native to the Pacific Islands, Southeast Asia, and tropical Australia, grown for spear-shaped leaves in green, red, pink, and purple.

Needs a rich, well-drained potting mix kept evenly moist; good drainage is essential to prevent root rot.

Mature size: 1-2 m indoors

Sources: plants.ces.ncsu.edu, bloomscape.com

How to tell cordyline needs repotting

Repotting on a calendar is less reliable than reading the plant. For cordyline, watch for these signs:

For the underlying biology of a pot-bound root system and why it stalls a plant, see our guide to spotting and fixing a root-bound plant.

How often to repot cordyline

Every 2–3 years; top-dress in the in-between years. Cordyline's growth habit — upright evergreen, often multi-stemmed — sets the pace. Cordyline fruticosa is a tropical evergreen with sword-shaped leaves in green, pink, red, or burgundy. Grown indoors as a colourful upright accent and outdoors as a hedging plant in frost-free climates. Toxic to pets through saponins.

What size pot to step cordyline up to

Move up exactly one pot size. A heavy cordyline dropped into a vastly bigger pot sits in a reservoir of wet soil its roots cannot reach, which rots them and destabilises the plant. In the years between repots, lift off and replace the top 3–5 cm of soil (top-dressing) instead — it refreshes nutrients without the shock of a full repot.

Not sure of the exact diameter? Our pot size calculator takes the current pot and root spread and tells you the right next size — it deliberately recommends a single step up, never a big jump.

The best time of year to repot cordyline

Early spring, just as new growth restarts, is the ideal window for cordyline. The plant is moving into its strongest growth phase and re-roots into fresh soil quickly. Avoid repotting in winter dormancy or, for flowering plants, while it is in bud or bloom — recovery is slowest then and you risk dropping the flowers.

Step-by-step: repotting cordyline

  1. Consider top-dressing first. If cordyline is not badly root-bound, scrape off and replace the top 3–5 cm of soil instead — far less shock for a big plant that hates moving.
  2. Get help and one size up. For a full repot, choose a pot just one size larger. A heavy plant needs two people and a stable, free-draining pot.
  3. Ease it out on its side. Lay the plant down, slide the pot off, and gently loosen the outer roots. Do not bare-root a mature specimen.
  4. Repot at the same depth. Add fresh rich free-draining houseplant mix beneath and around the rootball, keeping the original soil line. Firm it so the trunk is stable and upright.
  5. Water and leave it put. Water thoroughly, then leave cordyline in the same spot and light — moving and repotting at once is what makes it drop leaves.

Aftercare

Leave cordyline in exactly the same spot and light it was in before — moving and repotting at the same time is what makes a big specimen drop leaves. Water it in well, then let the top of the soil dry before watering again so the larger volume of fresh soil does not stay sodden. Do not fertilise for about 4 weeks — fresh mix already carries nutrients and feeding freshly disturbed roots scorches them.

The right soil mix for cordyline

Cordyline wants rich free-draining houseplant mix. Compost with 20% perlite; a pot with drainage holes is essential. Always use fresh mix when you repot — reusing old, broken-down soil reintroduces the compaction and poor drainage you are repotting to fix.

Repotting cordyline — frequently asked questions

How often should you repot cordyline?

Every 2–3 years; top-dress in the in-between years for cordyline. Fully repot cordyline only every 2–3 years; in the in-between years just top-dress the top 3–5 cm of soil. Step up one pot size in spring with rich free-draining houseplant mix. It is heavy and hates being moved, and a vastly oversized pot holds water against the roots and rots them.

What size pot does cordyline need?

Move up exactly one pot size. A heavy cordyline dropped into a vastly bigger pot sits in a reservoir of wet soil its roots cannot reach, which rots them and destabilises the plant. In the years between repots, lift off and replace the top 3–5 cm of soil (top-dressing) instead — it refreshes nutrients without the shock of a full repot. Use our pot size calculator to size it from the plant's current pot and root spread.

When is the best time of year to repot cordyline?

Early spring, just as new growth restarts, is the ideal window for cordyline. The plant is moving into its strongest growth phase and re-roots into fresh soil quickly. Avoid repotting in winter dormancy or, for flowering plants, while it is in bud or bloom — recovery is slowest then and you risk dropping the flowers.

Should you top-dress or fully repot cordyline?

For a big, heavy cordyline, top-dressing — replacing the top 3–5 cm of soil — is the gentler option most years, with a full repot only every 2–3 years. A mature specimen sulks and drops leaves when fully repotted, so do it as rarely as the roots allow.

Should you fertilise cordyline after repotting?

Not immediately. Wait about 4 weeks after repotting cordyline. Fresh mix already contains nutrients, and feeding freshly cut or disturbed roots burns them. Resume your normal feeding routine once you see new growth.

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