How to prune pecan 'kiowa'

Late winter while dormant, just before budbreak. Establish a central leader and 4–6 well-spaced scaffold branches in the first 5 years. Mature trees: remove water sprouts at the base, cut dead or diseased limbs outside the branch collar, and thin any branches crowding the canopy centre to improve light and air movement.

Annually. Pecan 'Kiowa' follows the same pruning principles as other pecan cultivars. Young trees need central-leader training to form a strong scaffold. Mature trees are pruned annually in late winter to remove dead wood, water sprouts, and competing leaders. Good canopy light penetration is key to consistent nut fill.

Establish a central leader and 4–6 well-spaced scaffold branches in the first 5 years. Mature trees: remove water sprouts at the base, cut dead or diseased limbs outside the branch collar, and thin any branches crowding the canopy centre to improve light and air movement.