Philodendron Bipennifolium (Horsehead) problems — and how to fix them

Most often overwatering or poor drainage causing root stress. Let the top few centimetres dry out, ensure the pot drains freely, and refresh soggy mix. Old lower leaves yellowing one at a time is normal aging.

Usually low humidity, underwatering, or fertiliser salt buildup. Raise humidity above 50%, water more consistently, and flush the soil periodically to clear excess salts.

Too little light and no climbing support. Move to brighter indirect light and provide a moss pole so the plant climbs and develops its mature, deeply divided leaf shape.

Typically either thirst (dry mix) or root rot (waterlogged mix). Check the soil: water if dry, and if the mix is soggy with mushy roots, repot into fresh airy mix and trim damaged roots.

Common indoor sap-suckers. Inspect leaf undersides and stems regularly; wipe leaves, isolate affected plants, and treat with insecticidal soap or neem oil, repeating until clear.

Caused by overwatering or dense, poorly draining soil. Prevent with a chunky aroid mix and a draining pot; if it occurs, remove the plant, cut away black mushy roots, and repot into fresh dry mix.