Encephalartos — 34 species

Encephalartos are ancient African cycads — slow-growing, palm-like plants with stiff, arching fronds and stout trunks prized by collectors and botanic gardens. Species such as the Natal Cycad, Karoo Cycad, and Thunberg's Cycad tolerate full sun to bright filtered light and are highly drought-tolerant once established; overwatering is the most common cause of root rot. Allow the soil to dry significantly between waterings, and use a sharply draining mix. All Encephalartos species are toxic to cats and dogs — cycasin and related compounds can cause severe liver damage and are potentially fatal even in small amounts.