Capsicum — 21 species

Capsicum is a New World genus that includes sweet Bell peppers, fiery Jalapeños, and smoky Habaneros, as well as compact ornamental varieties grown purely for their vivid, jewel-toned fruits. All types demand plenty of light — a minimum of six hours of direct sun or a strong south-facing window indoors — and moderate, consistent watering, allowing the top inch of soil to dry between sessions to prevent root rot. The ASPCA classifies all Capsicum as toxic to cats, dogs, and horses; solanine and capsaicin compounds can cause gastrointestinal distress, so keep plants well out of reach of pets.