Cold hardiness & minimum temperature

Is Common Water Hyacinth (Pontederia crassipes)cold hardy? Hardiness zone & min temp

Also called Water Hyacinth, Floating Water Hyacinth, Water Orchid.

More about common water hyacinth

About Common Water Hyacinth

Pontederia crassipes · also called Water Hyacinth, Floating Water Hyacinth · tropical

Common Water Hyacinth is a fast-growing floating aquatic plant native to South America, producing beautiful lavender-blue flower spikes above glossy, bulbous-stemmed foliage. It is valued for water purification and ornamental pond planting in warm climates but is invasive outside its native range. ASPCA lists Eichhornia (water hyacinth) as non-toxic to cats and dogs.

Cold limit: USDA 8-13 (annual in USDA zones 8-9; perennial 10-13) · RHS H2 (18-30°C)

Watch for — Cold damage: Frost kills the plant rapidly. Remove from outdoor water features before temperatures drop below 5°C. In warm climates it overwinters freely.

What common water hyacinth's hardiness rating actually means

Common Water Hyacinth is half-hardy (RHS H2). It survives a mild winter outdoors in a sheltered spot, but a hard frost kills it — so in colder zones it is lifted, potted, or grown as a tender plant. Its RHS rating of H2 means: Tender — survives a frost-free greenhouse or a very mild, sheltered spot. On the US scale that maps to USDA 8-13 (annual in USDA zones 8-9; perennial 10-13) — the zones where it can be left outdoors year-round.

New to these scales? The USDA hardiness zone map explained covers how the zone numbers work, and you can find your own zone with the zone finder.

Minimum temperature — and what happens below it

Minimum survivable temperature is roughly about 1 to 5 °C — tolerates cold but no real frost. Common Water Hyacinth shrugs off cold nights but a real, sustained freeze will kill it.

Concretely, for common water hyacinth as it gets too cold:

Down to roughly about 1 to 5 °C it copes, especially if dry and sheltered.
A sustained hard frost collapses the top growth; whether it returns depends on whether the roots, crown or tubers froze.
Wet cold is far more lethal than dry cold for this plant — soggy, frozen soil is the usual killer.

Can common water hyacinth go outside or overwinter — and where?

It can live outside year-round only in the mildest, most sheltered part of USDA 8-13 (annual in USDA zones 8-9; perennial 10-13) or a frost-free UK microclimate.
In colder zones, grow it in a pot you can move under cover, or lift its tubers/roots and store them frost-free over winter.
A south-facing wall, free-draining soil and a dry winter position can push it a full zone hardier than the books suggest.

Work back from your local frost dates with the frost-date calculator: the last spring frost and first autumn frost are what really decide when common water hyacinth can be outside. US growers can check USDA zones; UK growers should use the RHS hardiness ratings, which match the H2 figure above.

Frost protection for borderline common water hyacinth

Common Water Hyacinth is right on a hardiness edge in many gardens, so if you are pushing it, these measures buy it the margin it needs:

Mulch the crown or root zone deeply with bark, straw or leaf-mould before the first hard frost.
Move container plants against a warm wall or into an unheated but frost-free porch or greenhouse.
Fleece the top growth on the coldest nights, and keep it on the dry side — dry roots survive cold far better than wet ones.
Lift dahlia-type tubers or tender crowns after the first light frost blackens the foliage and store them somewhere cool but frost-free.

Common Water Hyacinth hardiness — frequently asked questions

Is common water hyacinth cold hardy?

Common Water Hyacinth is half-hardy (RHS H2). It survives a mild winter outdoors in a sheltered spot, but a hard frost kills it — so in colder zones it is lifted, potted, or grown as a tender plant. Borderline outdoors. In its mild end of USDA 8-13 (annual in USDA zones 8-9; perennial 10-13) (and sheltered UK gardens) common water hyacinth can stay out; in colder areas it must be lifted, brought in, or treated as a frost-tender plant.

What is the minimum temperature common water hyacinth can survive?

Minimum survivable temperature is roughly about 1 to 5 °C — tolerates cold but no real frost. Common Water Hyacinth shrugs off cold nights but a real, sustained freeze will kill it.

What hardiness zone is common water hyacinth?

Common Water Hyacinth is rated USDA 8-13 (annual in USDA zones 8-9; perennial 10-13) and RHS H2 — Tender — survives a frost-free greenhouse or a very mild, sheltered spot.

Can common water hyacinth survive winter outside?

It can live outside year-round only in the mildest, most sheltered part of USDA 8-13 (annual in USDA zones 8-9; perennial 10-13) or a frost-free UK microclimate. In colder zones, grow it in a pot you can move under cover, or lift its tubers/roots and store them frost-free over winter. A south-facing wall, free-draining soil and a dry winter position can push it a full zone hardier than the books suggest.

How do I protect common water hyacinth from frost?

Mulch the crown or root zone deeply with bark, straw or leaf-mould before the first hard frost. Move container plants against a warm wall or into an unheated but frost-free porch or greenhouse. Fleece the top growth on the coldest nights, and keep it on the dry side — dry roots survive cold far better than wet ones. Lift dahlia-type tubers or tender crowns after the first light frost blackens the foliage and store them somewhere cool but frost-free.